Which of the following is a common bloodborne pathogen?

HIV, or human immunodeficiency virus, is classified as a bloodborne pathogen because it is primarily transmitted through contact with infected blood and other bodily fluids. It is known for its ability to attack the immune system, leading to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) if not treated. Understanding that HIV can be present in blood, semen, vaginal fluids, and breast milk highlights the risks associated with exposure in healthcare and other occupational settings.

In contrast, the common cold virus, influenza virus, and norovirus are primarily transmitted through respiratory droplets or by fecal-oral routes, making them not classified as bloodborne pathogens. This distinction is critical in the context of infection control, as it informs practices for prevention and response in situations where risks may be present.